Bjarmeland (Bjarmaland) and Bjarmians, a Finnic people, are in the old Nordic literature common names on the landscape and the people of the White sea around the Dvina.

The Bjarmians are mentioned first in the Norwegian Ottar from Hålogaland's account to king Alfred the Great of England, the king of the Anglo-Saxons, about his voyage to Bjarmeland in ca. 870.

Afterwards, vikings voyaged often as traders or raiders to Bjarmeland. Ottar was a trader, not a raider.

In 920 the great viking Eirik Bloodaxe raided Bjarmeland. In 965 his oldest son Harald Greyhide raided also the Bjarmians.

Some years later, Tore Hound and his 80 vikings voyaged to Bjarmeland. At first Tore Hound and his men joined a group of traders, who was sent by king Olav Haraldsson (Olav the Holy). Tore and his men plundered secretly a burial site, where the Bjarmians had erected an idol of the god Jomale. Tore stole the silver bowl of the god. The vikings managed to escape from the furious Bjarmians.

In the legendary Saga of Orvar-Odd dating from the 13th century, the viking hero Orvar-Odd and his friend Asmund came to Bjarmeland. They kidnapped and killed Bjarmians. The Bjarmians preferred to trade, but the vikings preferred to plunder. They plundered the Bjarmian burial sites.

Bjarmeland is as much as Miklagard a historical section of the history of the viking expeditions to the east.