Author: * Masis Valerius -
37 Posts
on this thread out of
310 Posts
sitewide.
Date: Oct 12, 2002 - 00:13
"When the whole assembly was seated with due dignity, a general silence prevailed pending the Emperor's arrival. First, three of his immediate family entered in order of rank, then came others heralding his own approach - not the soldiers or guards who normally attended him, but friends in the faith. And now, all rising at the signal that indicated the Emperor's entrance, at last he proceeded through the midst of the assembly like some heavenly Angel of God, clother in a garment which glittered as though radiant with light, reflecting the glow of a purple robe and adorned with the brilliant splendour of gold and precious stones. When he had advanced to the upper end of the seats, he at first remained standing; and when a low chair of wrought gold had been set for him, he waited to sit down until the bishops had signalled to him to do so. After him the whole assembly did the same."
From De Vita Constantini.
The Emperor was not interested in the doctrinal points, he was a Westerner in upbrining of a military frame of mind, and was determined to bring an end to this controversy.
He would debate, argue, encourage, temper his feelings and even speak in Greek to make his point clearer to the Easterners.
A key word was inserted into the draft statement of belief, Homoousios, maening 'of one substance', to describe the relation of the Son to the Father. It was tantamount to condeming Arrianism. Many of the Arrian Bishops protested however he won them round by insisting that the word was to be taking only in a mystical and divine sense only meaning what they wanted it to mean. By the end of his sermon almost all the Arrian Bishops agreed to sign the final document, only two remained opposed despite threat of exile and excommunication.
Arius was condemned, his work cursed and ordered to be burnt. He was not allowed to return to Alexandria and sent instead to Illyria.
However his supporters managed to have him sent to Nicomedia, it was not the end of his vocation.
The Council now investigated other matters such as the dating of Easter. Most of the Eastern Churches followed the Hebrew calendar without regarding the day of the week it fell on.
In Alexandria and the West the feast was always held on a Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox.
The Emperor thought that the idea of celebrating the Resurrection of Chirst on the same day as the Passover appalled him, believing the Jews to be responsible solely for the Crucifiction.
The Council voted in favour of the Alexandrian system, the correct date was to be calculated at that city and sent on to Rome for transmission to the other churches.
And so came to an end the Council of Nicaea.
Constantine had covered every major issues of dispute settled as we wanted, it was a great victory for him.
The voting had been unanimous.
He had established a common bond between the Western and Eastern churches with he, The Emperor, giving it his moral supremacy. A format that was to continue for 1,000 years.
A celebration of his twenty year rule was to take place in Bithynia, homeland of his mother Helena, and all the Bishops were invited to attend.
Eusebius of Caesaria in Palestine had come to terms with his Arrian sympathies and described the celebrations...
"Not one of the Bishops was absent from the imperial banquet, the circumstances of which were splendid beyond description. Detachments of the Emperor's personal guard and other troops surrounded the entrance tp the palace with drawn swords, and through the midst of them the men of God proceeded without fear into the innermost of the imperial apartments, in which some were the Emperor's own companions at table, while others reclined on couches arranged on either side. One might have thought that a picture of Christs kingdom was thus foreshadowed, and that the scene was less like reality than a dream".
When the Bishops left they were all given presents by the Emperor himself. They were in awe of what had taken place, as the Emperor had intended them to be.
|