In rural areas, the Lucaria (July 19 and 21) was a festival that was associated with the clearing of a grove, or lucus, for agricultural purpose. The festival probably held little meaning in the late Republic.

In Rome, the Lucaria was held in a large grove between the Tiber and the Via Salaria, probably in the area of the Pincian gardens. It celebrated a legendary event of 390 BC in which Romans had hidden in the grove when fleeing from the Gauls after the battle of Allia (July 18). According to another interpretation, the feast was dedicated generically to every wood and sylvan divinity.