The earliest record of a solar eclipse, dated to 2136 BC, was inscribed on oracle bones during the Shang dynasty. Modern computations have verified the date of this eclipse. Solar eclipses were viewed as both good or bad omens, depending I suppose on who was doing the interpreting, and for what reasons.

See the bones

Astrologers also observed and recorded changes in sunspots during the Shang dynasty. The I Ching described these as "bursting fires eating a chunk of the sun".

Source:
A tiny snippet of a newspaper article unearthed while cleaning off my desk.
Sorry I can't give you more.