Author: * Aulus Sergius -
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Date: Nov 12, 2007 - 00:00
this past week or so, there has been a very interesting thread running on the Classics L list serv on Caesar's prose and translations of same. Here's an excerpt:
For amusement and comment: Latin first, then me, then three others,
with word counts from two more at the end.
[175 words] Quieta Gallia Caesar, ut constituerat, in Italiam ad
conventus agendos proficiscitur. Ibi cognoscit de Clodii caede [de]
senatusque consulto certior factus, ut omnes iuniores Italiae
coniurarent, delectum tota provincia habere instituit. Eae res in
Galliam Transalpinam celeriter perferuntur. Addunt ipsi et ad fingunt
rumoribus Galli, quod res poscere videbatur, retineri urbano motu
Caesarem neque in tantis dissensionibus ad exercitum venire posse. Hac
impulsi occasione, qui iam ante se populi Romani imperio subiectos
dolerent liberius atque audacius de bello consilia inire incipiunt.
Indictis inter se principes Galliae conciliis silvestribus ac remotis
locis queruntur de Acconis morte; posse hunc casum ad ipsos recidere
demonstrant: miserantur communem Galliae fortunam: omnibus
pollicitationibus ac praemius deposcunt qui belli initium faciant et
sui capitis periculo Galliam in libertatem vindicent. In primis
rationem esse habendam dicunt, priusquam eorum clandestina consilia
efferantur, ut Caesar ab exercitu intercludatur. Id esse facile, quod
neque legiones audeant absente imperatore ex hibernis egredi, neque
imperator sine praesidio ad legiones pervenire possit. Postremo in
acie praestare interfici quam non veterem belli gloriam libertatemque
quam a maioribus acceperint recuperare.
(jo'd [poster on the thread] 196 words) Gaul was quiet. Caesar went on to Italy, as
planned, to hold court. There he heard Clodius had been murdered and
that the senate had declared universal conscription. He decided to
levy troops all across Lombardy and Provence.
News carried quickly back to Gaul, picking up rumors – some
spontaneous, some connived – along the way. Caesar could not leave
Rome to rejoin his troops, for the city was in an uproar, they said.
Men who hated Roman rule saw their chance and began to talk of
insurrection. In woods and wilds the leaders of Gaul met, grumbling
over the death of Acco and foretelling their own fate in his. They
bemoaned Gaul's misfortune and promised every reward for the men who
would start a new war and risked their own necks to avenge Gaul and
claim her liberty.
First thing, they said, before their plans could leak, they must keep
Caesar from his troops. Easy to do, because his troops wouldn't
break winter camp without him and he couldn't reach them without a
protective garrison.
Better, they concluded, to be killed in battle than to surrender
war's glory and the liberty they had inherited from their elders.
7.1 (Loeb: 296 words), When Gaul was quiet Caesar set out for Italy,
as he had determined, to hold the assizes. There he heard of the
murder of Clodius; and having been informed of the Senate's decree
that all the younger man of military age in Italy should be sworn in,
he decided to hold a levy throughout his province. These events were
speedily reported to Transalpine Gauol. The Gauls added to the
reports a circumstance of their own invention, which the occasion
seemed to require, that Caesar was detained by the commotion at Rome
and, in view of discords so serious, could not come to the army. Such
an opportunity served as a stimulus to those who even before were
chafing at their subjection to the sovereignty of Rome, and they began
with greater freedom and audacity to make plans for a campaign. The
chiefs of Gaul summoned conventions by mutual arrangement in remote
forest spots and complained of the death of Acco. They pointed out
that his fate might fall next upon themselves: they expressed pity
for the common lot of Gaul; by all manner of promises and rewards they
called for men to start the campaign and at the risk of their own life
to champion the liberty of Gaul. First and foremost, they said, they
must devise means, before ever their secret designs got abroad, to
shut Caesar off from the army. It was an easy task, because the
legions would not dare to march out of cantonments in the absence of
the commnander-in-chief, nor could the latter without a strong escort
reach the legions. Finally, it was better, they urged, to be slain in
battle than to fail of recovering their old renown in war and the
liberty which they had received from their forefathers.
(Wiseman [who says the third person style is "unnecessarily
mannered"]: 299 words) Since Gaul was quiet, I set out as usual for
Italy to hold the assizes. When I arrived in Italy, I learned of the
assassination of Publius Clodius and was told of the decree of the
Senate ordering all Italians of military age to be sworn in. I
therefore set about conscripting recruits throughout the Cisalpine
province.
These events were quickly reported across the Alps, and the Gauls
themselves added to them, inventing stories that seemed not
inconsistent with the facts. They made out that I was being detained
there by the troubles in Rome, which were so acute that I could not
rejoin the army. The Gauls already resented being subject to the
sovereignty of Rome: they now thought their chance had come, and it
spurred them on to start planning more boldly and openly for war.
Meetings were arranged in remote places in the forests, and at these
their leading men complained about the death of Acco, pointing out
that they themselves could well suffer the same fate. They lamented
the conditi0on of their whole country and promised all kinds of
rewards to any who would make the first moves in a war and be prepared
to risk their own lives to set Gaul free.
The most important thing, they said, was to work out how I could be
cut off from my army before their secret plans could leak out. This
would be easy to do because the legions would not dare to leave their
winter camps in the absence of their commander-in-chief, and he would
not be able to reach them without a strong escort. Besides, they
declared, it was better to be killed in battle than to fail to recover
their ancient glory in war and the freedom they had inherited from
their ancestors.
[Bohn 292 words]; Gaul being tranquil, Caesar, as he had determined,
sets out for Italy to hold the provincial assizes. There he receives
intelligence of the death of Clodius; informed of the decree of the
senate, [to the effect] that all the youth of Italy should take the
military oath, he determined to hold a levy throughout the entire
province. Report of these events is rapidly borne into Transalpine
Gaul. The Gauls themselves add to the report, and invent, what the
case seemed to require, [namely] that* Caesar was detained by
commotions in the city, and could not, amidst so violent dissensions,
come to his army. Animated by this opportunity, they who already,
previously to this occurrence, were indignant that they were reduced
beneath the dominion of Rome, begin to organize their plans for war
more openly and daringly. The leading men of Gaul, having convened
councils among themselves in the woods, and retired places, complain
of the death of Acco: they point out that this fate may fall in turn
on themselves: they bewail the unhappy fate of Gaul; and by every sort
of promises and rewards, they earnestly solicit some to begin the war,
and assert the freedom of Gaul at the hazard of their lives. They say
that special care should be paid to this, that Caesar should be cut
off from his army, before their secret plans should be divulged. That
this was easy, because neither would the legions, in the absence of
their general, dare to leave their winter quarters, nor could the
general reach his army without a guard : finally, that it was better
to be slain in battle, than not to recover their ancient glory in war,
and that freedom which they had received from their forefathers.
Other I could see and count on web and not copy: Carolyn Hammond,
Oxford World's Classics (1999), 275 words. S.A. Handford (Penguin
1983 or earlier), 280 words.
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