First half of the 17. Dynasty
Preface:
With the 17. Dynasty it is historically unclear whether it is the direct continuation of the 13. Dynasty acts (J.v.Beckerath), or whether it concerns a rivaling dynasty, independently of the 13. Dynasty briefly forwards or briefly after their end in Theben developed again (see e.g. Ryholt).
If it itself around the direct continuation of the old 13. Dynasty acted, must we before eyes hold itself that the last name of the old 13 occupied in the TP. Dynasty Mr-k 3 r A was. This name is similar for confounding with the name Sebekhoteps VII. ( Mr-k 3 w-r A ). In order suitable names for the successor of such a king to find, one would have it to expect be able that the names of the successors of the Mr-k 3 w-r A Sebekhotep VII. would have been considered as name models for the successors of the Mr-k 3 r A seriously. I.e. one would have to be able to expect, if my above reconstruction is correct, a king x A n x r A and then on two S x m-r A - kings. There in the 13. Dynasty - mr - is replaced through - D D -, would be thus a D D A n x r A a realistic option (as a last king of the old, 13. Dynasty) and as its successors SechemRe kings would be to be expected. Indeed it seems to be indisputable that the first kings of the 17. Dynasty to their name with SechemRe to begin leave. Questionable is only their identification, because a S x m-r A w 3 H - x A w , a S x m-r A w 3 D - x A w and a S x m-r A smn t 3 wj stand to the selection.
Since the sequence of the kings is again unclear in this time however, they are first not discussed in the following in chronological order.
A) Rahotep . The Horusname of this king, w 3 H - A n x , is in former times at least already of Antef II. (as Horusname) and used by Amenemhet III. (as gold name). The Nebtiname reads wsr rnpwt and is not occupied in exactly this form so far yet for a former ruler. The element - rnpwt - is at that time - our knowledge - still quite rare in the royal Titulatur until; it is e.g. in the Titulatur of SechemRe chutaui I. at the beginning of the 13. Dynasty. -Der gold name begins with w 3 D -, is kept however not complete. The king name reads S x m-r A w 3 H - x A w : Here the basic element from the Horusnamen is thus transferred in the king names, however the second part of the Horusnamens ( A n x ) in the king name is replaced through - x A w.
b) S x m-r A w 3 D - x A w Sebekemsaf: The Horusname of this king, H tp-n t rw , is before occupied as gold name by Sesostris II.. At the same time - and appears interesting is i.e. htp ntr.w in addition, a parallel for the gold name first and the second king named Sebek hotep, k 3 w-n t r.w and A n x n t r.w , which can be translated both spielerisch as "food/victims of the Gods". -
In the Nebtinamen, A S - x prw , seems the element - A S - to be completely new. According to Hannig, dictionary, 159, gives it however moeglicherweise(Existenz not secured) a word to A S , which designates a kind of meal. Then A S - x would belong pr.w to the numerous name formings, which are based on wordplays with models such as k 3 w or htp. Is how it comes to the second name element x pr.w, unclear (substitution of ntr.w ?)
The gold name, jnq t 3 wj , is likewise new, finds however a clear parallel in the Titulatur of the Hyksos Chian. The verb jnq has however in view to countries a meaning as "to combine", and it is to be placed thus into the context of cliches such as Sm 3 t 3 wj. However again a parallel points to a Sebek hotep king, i.e. to Sebekhotep I.
The king name transfers x A w a cliche , which had been already often already part of the royal Titulatur before in the second part with w 3 D -: like that for example this had been the Nebtiname Sebekhoteps IV., the Horusname of Neferhotep IIITH and of Didumes II.. In view of the imitation of the names of Sebek hotep Ith and IITH by king Sebek emsaf in the Horusnamen it is most probable to also see herein above all the allusion on Sebekhotep IV.
NB:
1) it there does not look in such a way, as if all names Sebekemsafs I. can be explained from allusions on kings named Sebekhotep, is necessary a resort to the Titulatur of the Chian , in order to explain the name choice of this king with the gold name. It looks therefore like as if Chian selected itself the name of the Sebekemsaf to the model and not turned around. - such a dating is also historically not impossible; if Sebekemsaf among the first three or four rulers of the 17. Dynasty belonged, he became maximally 10 years after the end of the 13. Dynasty the throne mount; Chian, which belongs to the second ruler generation of the Hyksosdynastie, can, if the 15. Dynasty only approximately at the same time with 17. begins, only later its, must have still experienced however Sebekemsaf then.
2) in the fact that out the historical view nevertheless rather insignificant first rulers of the name Sebekhotep in very large measure as model for this king of the name Sebek em saf is selected, could lie an argument for the fact that this Sebekemsaf actually along J.v.Beckerath, against the assumption of Ryholt - which could have been first of this name on the Egyptian throne.
C) S x m-r A smn t 3 wj Djehuti: From this king meanwhile the Horusname jt-m-n x t and the gold name wsr x A w are beyond the throne names admit . We know royal names with the verb - j t - up to then from Amenemhet III. (Nebti: j t jw A t t 3 wj ), Amenemhet Senbef (Nebti: j t s x m-f ). The gold name follows a usual pattern with old Horusnamen ( x+ x A w ) and begins with the word - wsr -, with which also the Nebtiname of the Rahotep and the gold name Sebekhoteps IV. begin.
With a king "Djehuti" one would expect allusions on the former kings "Hor" and "Seth". Recognizably however only a very much removed similarity is to king Hor, there its Nebtiname nfr - x A w reads.
D) Nebereraw I.: The Horus name of this king, sw 3 D t 3 wj , is already well-known as a component of the king name of Sebekhotep III.; in addition it is occupied also as Horusname of the SN A A jb, which should not completely be added to an s A n x t 3 after Ryholt of the Abydosdynastie beyond that is the name in the typeface wj dissimilarly, so that resemblances could exist also here . (62) the Nebtiname n t r x prw is the Horusname Sesostris III., and he resembles the Nebtinamen of S x m-r A w 3 D in his structure - x A w Sebekemsaf, the gold name nfr x A w follows the same pattern as with Djehuti and is identical in addition to the gold name of Sesostris IV. in addition occurs he also as the second element in the king name of a ruler of the Abydosdynastie, i.e. in the name of Upuautemsaf. In addition the king name Sw 3 D NR A is recognizably related to the Horusnamen and has naturally resemblances to the long-known throne name S A n x NR A .
NB: SeneferibRe Sesostris IV
If this king is to be arranged here in this dynasty, with its names entered likewise briefly: The Horusname, w H m A n x , consists of the salient parts of the Horusnamen of Amenemhet I. and Sesostris I.. The Nebtiname, s A n x t 3 wj , seems to Neferhoteps III. in the throne name. The gold name, nfr x A w , is carried also by Nebereraw I. and as Nebtiname also of king Hor I. the throne name, snfr jb r A , is located in connection (because of the typeface) with the earlier throne name S A n x jb-r A , both and king name of the 14. Dynasty as also in the 13. Dynasty (Ameni Antef Amenemhet "VI.") is occupied. Possibly combine the throne and the birth name thus likewise models named Amenemhet ("VI.") and Sesostris, as it is in the Horusnamen the case.
8.2 Second half of the 17. Dynasty
To the second half of the 17. Dynasty owe we to Ryholt the plausible reference that S x m-r A - S D w 3 s.t and S x m-r A - are not identical with one another S D t 3 w.j. It is to be accepted rather that during the drawing up of the Turiner papyrus (and/or its collecting main) seemed to read errors, by gliding immediately the Abschreiber from the line with a name in with the other one and thus possibly some lines with further king names of the excessive quantity of the TP falling out. I cannot follow Ryholt however in the assumption, S x m-r A - S D w 3 was s.t first of these two rulers. Under the criterion of the name forming that is completely improbable, since one referred into the royal name traditionally to the "two countries" ( t 3 wj), while a king had s.t formed never before a name according to the pattern x+w for 3 . Therefore it must call S D t 3 for the king S x m-r A - S D w 3 s.t itself a plausible reason to have given , not S x m-r A - ,wj. There is such a reason however only - and m.E. only then -, if it the name form S x m-r A - S D t 3 had before already given wj and it straight this king was, whose name one wanted to copy. In the case of reverse order the name forming S x m-r A results in - S D w 3 s.t practically no sense.
S x m-r A - S D-t 3 wj Sebekemsaf II. forms his throne names with an element ( S D-t 3 wj ), which admits so far only from the Titulatur of the king Didumes II. is (as its Nebtiname). So far much too little is noted that Sebekemsaf I. formed its name S x m-r A - w 3 D - x A w with the Horusnamen of the same ruler. It is to be seen also here thus that an Egyptian ruler orients himself with the selection of his names at one its name cousins.
For NebMaatRe , the Ryholt into the 17. Dynasty to set wants, gives it thus to name model in former times only... the.-leading seaman-RH from the 13. Dynasty, which were the successor of the Didumes I., and naturally - perhaps similarly expressed - the NiMaatRe Amenemhet III. (see the later wedge-written "Nimmuarija" than rewriting for NebMaatRe=Amenophis III.). NebMaatRe should into the 17. To dynasty belong, would remain m.E. for it actually only in the gap between S x m-r A - S D t 3 . wj and S x m-r A - S D w 3 s.t place.
From the Intef kings the name S x m-r A wp-m 3 A t seizes back on Neferhotep I. (Nebtiname of this king), the name S x m-r A hrw H r-m 3 A t on Sebekhotep III. (Goldhorus H tp - H r-m 3 A t), and a connection for this seems also in the Nebtinamen of the Nbw x pr-r A Intef to show up, because this king is hrw H r nst.f; that seems to follow the model of hrw H r-m 3 A t.
SenachtenRe ( SN x t-n-r A ), whose birth name after Ryholt surely not "Tao", but instead of its perhaps SiAmun ( S 3 Imn ) was, forms its names recognizably after the model of the name Swsr n r A ; it orients itself thus either to Bebi anch, that sometime before it in the 17. Dynasty officiated, or at Chian (or at both).
