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King Tutankhamen's Tomb
Associated to Place: AncientWorlds > Egypt > Upper: The Sceptre > Waset > Valley of the Kings > articles -- by * Wadjet Sekhmet (17 Articles), Role Play Article
"At last have made wonderful discovery in Valley; a magnificent tomb with seals intact; re-covered same for your arrival; congratulations." Howard Carter in his cable to Lord Canarvon
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The Antechamber

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"Wonderful things": the west wall of the antechamber as first seen by Howard Carter

"With trembling hands I made a tiny breach in the upper left-hand corner. Darkness and blank space, as far as an iron testing-rod could reach, showed that whatever lay beyond was empty, and not filled like the passage we had just cleared. Candle tests were applied as a precaution against possible foul gases, and then, widening the hold a little, I inserted the candle and peered in, Lord Carnarvon, Lady Evelyn and Callender standing anxiously beside me to hear the verdict.

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Tangle of chariot parts
At first I could see nothing, the hot air escaping from the chamber causing the candle flame to flicker, but presently, as my eyes grew accustomed to the light, details of the room within emerged slowly from the mist, strange animals, statues, and gold - everywhere the glint of gold. For the moment - an eternity it must have seemed to the others standing by - I was struck dumb with amazement, and when Lord Carnarvon, unable to stand the suspense any longer, inquired anxiously, "Can you see anything?" it was all I could do to get out the words, "Yes, wonderful things."
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The northeast corner of the antechamber, with Carter and Canarvon's access-hole to the burial chamber concealed behind a basket lid and handful of reeds; the painted box has been repositioned with its fastening knobs facing south rather than north, as found

' Gradually the scene grew clearer, and we could pick out individual objects. First, right opposite us-we had been conscious of them all the while, but refused to believe in them-were these great gilt couches, their sides carved in the form of monstrous animals, curiously attenuated in body, as they had to be to serve their purpose, but with heads of startling realism. Uncanny beasts enough to look upon at any time: seen as we saw them, brilliant gilded surfaces picked out of the darkness by our electric torch, as though by limelight, their heads throwing grotesque distorted shadows on the wall behind them, they were almost terrifying.

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Two of Tut's three ritual couches which dominated the southern end of the burial chamber
Next, on the right, two statues caught and held our attention; two life sized figures of a king in black, facing each other like sentinels, gold kilted, gold sandalled, armed with mace and staff, the protective sacred cobra upon their foreheads
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' These were the dominant objects that caught the eye at first. Between them , around them, piled on top of them, there were countless others-exquisitely painted and inlaid caskets; alabaster vases, some beautifully carved in openwork designs;strange black shrines, from the open door of one a great gilt snake peering out;bouquets of flowers or leaves; beds; chairs beautifully carved; a golden inlaid throne; a heap of curious white oviform boxes; staves of all shapes and designs; beneath our eyes, on the very threshold of the chamber, a beautiful lotiform cup of translucent alabaster; on the left a confused pile of overturned chariots, glistening with gold and inlay; and peeping from behind them another portrait of a king'

'Such were some of the objects that lay before us.....'

-Howard Carter

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"The impression is overwhelming. It is a sight I have never dreamed of seeing;the antechamber of a pharaoh's tomb still filled with magnificent equipment...still standing as it was placed there when the tomb was last closed in antiquity."

James Henry Breasted

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The Burial Chamber

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A look at the burial chamber from the antechamber. Just beyond the items stacked in the doorway can be seen the burial shrine

'...when, after about ten minutes' work, I had made a hole large enough to enable me to do so, I inserted an electric torch. An astonishing sight its light revealed, for there, within a yard of the doorway , stretching as far as one could see and blocking the entrance to the chamber, stood what to all appearances was a solid wall of gold...

It was, beyond any question, the sepulchral chamber in which we stood, for there, towering above us, was one of the great gilt shrines beneath which kings were laid. So enormous was this structure...that it filled within a little the entire area of the chamber, a space of some two feet only separating it from the walls on all four sides, while its roof, with cornice top and torus moulding, reached almost to the ceiling...'-Howard Carter

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The west or head end of the beautiful modeled sarcophagus towards which the faces of the four titulary goddesses- here Isis and Nephthys are turned.

I think the discovery of this second chamber, with its crowded contents, had a somewhat sobering effect on us. Excitement had gripped us hitherto, and given us no pause for thought, but now for the first time we began to realize what a prodigious task we had in front of us, and what a responsibility it entailed. This was no ordinary find, to be disposed of in a normal season's work; nor was there any precedent to show us how to handle it. The thing was outside all experience, bewildering, and for the moment it seemed as though there were more to be done than any human agency could accomplish.

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"We opened their sarcophi and their coffins in which they were, and found the noble mummy of this king equipped with a falcon; a large number of amulets and jewels of gold were upon his neck, and his head-piece of gold was upon him..." Extract of a confession of a tomb robber
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Opening the Coffin

"The sarcophagus lid trembled, began to rise. Slowly, and swaying uncertainly, it swun clear.
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At first, we saw only a long, narrow black void. Then across the middle of this blackness we gradually discerned fragments of granite which had fallen out of the fracture in the lid. They were lying scattered upon a dark shroud through which we seemed to see emerging an indistinct form..." James Henry Breasted "Mr. Burton at once made his photographic records. I then removed the floral collarette and linen coverings. An astounding fact was disclosed.
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The third coffin...was made of solid gold! The mystery of the enormous weight, which hitherto had puzzled us, was now clear. It explained also why the weight had diminished so slightly after the first coffin, and the lid of second coffin, had been removed."
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"The pitch like material that had hardened with age had to be removed by means of hammering, solvents, and heat, while the shells of the coffins were loosened from one another and extricated by means of great heat, the interior being temporarily protected during the process by zinc plates-the temperature employed though necessarily below the melting point of zinc was several hundred degrees fahrenheit.
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After the inner coffin was extricated it had again to be treated with heat and solvents before the material could be completely removed.

Before us, occupying the whole of the interior of the golden coffin, was an imressive, neat and carefully made muumy, over which had been poured anointing unguents as in the case of the outside of its coffin- consolidated and blackened by age. In contradistinction to the general dark and somber effect, due to these unguents, was a brilliant, one might say magnificent, burnished gold mask or simultitude of the king, covering its head and shoulders, which, like the feet, had been intentionally avoided when using the unguents."

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The Treasury

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The king's canopic shrine, with inlaid uraeus frieze and gilded wooden figure of Isis
"...a low door, eastwards from the sepulchral chamber, gave the entrance to yet another chamber, smaller than the outer ones and not so lofty. This doorway, unlike the others, had not been closed and sealed...a single glance sufficed to tell us that here, within this little chamber, lay the greatest treasures of the tomb.
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Facing the doorway, on the farthest side, stood the most beautiful monument I have ever seen (the canopic shrine)- so lovely that it made one gasp with wonder and admiration...
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The entrace to the Treasury was dominated by a majestic image of Anubis, lord of The West, mounted upon a shrine equipped with carrying poles.
Immediately in front of the entrance lay the figure of the jackal god Anubis, upon his shrine, swathed in linen cloth, and resting upon a portable sled, and behind this the head of a bull upon a stand-emblems, these, of the underworld. In the south side of the chamber lay an endless number of black shrines and chests, all closed and sealed save one, whose open doors revealed statues of Tutankhamen standing upon black leopards.
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On the farther wall, were shrine-shaped boxes and miniature coffins of gilded wood...In the center of the room, left of the Anubis and bull, there was a row of magnificent caskets of ivory and wood, decorated inlaid with gold and blue faience, one, whose lid we raised, containing a gorgeous ostrich-feather fan with ivory handle, fresh and strong to all appearance as when it left the maker's hand. There were also, distributed in different quarters of the chamber, a number of model boats with sails and rigging all complete, and, at the north side, another chariot. Such, from a hurried survey, were the contents of the inner chamber." Howard Carter
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The Tomb Paintings

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North wall- The first scene depicts Tut's heir, the aged Ay, wearing the blue crown and dressed in the leopard skin of a setem priest, the 'son' performing the Opening of the Mouth ceremony for the 'father'; the dead boy here appears as Osiris, lord of the Underworld. The names of both Tutankhamen and Ay are written above their heads in hieroglyphs.
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West wall-The west wall, the focus and culmination of the burial chamber's decorative scheme, is taken up by an extract from the Book fo Amduat, or "What is in the Underworld." The upper register is occupied by the solar barque, preceded by five deities. Below squat twelve baboon-deities of the first twelve hours of the night through which the sun-and king-must travel before achieving rebirth at dawn.
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Posted Oct 9, 2007 - 16:44 , Last Edited: Oct 18, 2007 - 01:13











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